Showing posts with label Nigeria. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Nigeria. Show all posts

Wednesday, 10 January 2018

Post 198--Leftist Intolerance


Happy new year!  I was hoping to share with you some thoughts about Christmas, but I could not get around to it.  Then I thought, "Oh, well, I'll get something for new year."  Didn't do that either. And now we're already January 10.  A "happy new year" wish too late for you?  In Nigeria, even in April, if I meet up with a friend I had not yet seen that year, I would still wish him a happy new year.  (Now anytime you say anything about Nigeria, you have to specify the ethnic group or geographical location, for you cannot ever generalize about a nation of 180 million people. About the only two things you can say about the country is (1) everyone is Black, though of various shades; (2) everyone loves soccer or football. As I read this over, I confess to a bit of exaggeration, but Nigerians don't mind that--at least some don't!

Today I am passing on to you a sad, if not infuriating Alberta story about leftist intolerance of Christian schooling and the Bible. It comes to us from that revel Ezra Levant. I'm just going to let him loose and sock it to you without any further interference from me. It is about:


A left-wing bureaucrat attacked a Christian school for teaching the Bible. But now the school is fighting back in court!

Wednesday, 11 October 2017

Post 188--Global Hand Washing Day

In the public washroom in my church there are several posters about hand washing on the wall. One that drew my special attention was the one giving step-by-step instructions about how to wash your hands effectively. 

              1. You turn on the tap.
              2. You hold your hands under the tap to wet them.
              3. You apply soap to your hands.
              4.  Etc., etc. 

I don't believe I need to present you with the full list of instructions. If you read this blog, I think you know how to wash your hands without written instructions on your wall. 

My initial reaction was, "My goodness, what's this world coming to?  So much education and we don't know how to wash our hands?" I couldn't believe what I read!  Do we really need that?  Apparently we do.

Different cultures have different ways of caring for their hands, their hygiene and their health. In the part of Nigeria where I spent many years, people are very particular what they do with which hand. The right hand is the social hand and the food hand, because of the unspoken things they do with their left. Before you eat, you wash your hands in a bowl of water that is passed around along with a towel, but without soap. They want to make sure their hands are clean, especially because in some ethnic cultures they eat with their hands  and often in a group from one bowl. But why no soap? Because the soap smell will affect the taste of the food. However, after the meal, a bowl of clean water is passed around along with the towel AND the soap. So, very hygienic.

In the Canadian culture that surrounds me these days, people eat some foods with their hands and some with fork or spoon.  However, many times they do not wash their hands before eating, not even before eating so-called finger foods. Those who do, do so privately, not publicly.  Probably because I lived in Nigeria so long, I tend to wash my hands before eating, but privately from a tap, not at the table. 

This issue is, of course, hygiene and health.  And that holds not only for food, but for many activities. Whenever I come home from outside, I wash my hands even if I do not intend to eat. The reason is that one picks up all kinds of dirt, both seen and unseen, that can make you ill. 

So, perhaps, those washroom posters are necessary after all, even for careless educated people. At any rate the UN and others think the world needs to have its attention drawn to the need to wash hands regularly. So they established Global Hand Washing Day. I quote the following from some websites:

The first Global Hand Washing Day was held in 2008, when over 120 million children around the world washed their hands with soap in more than 70 countries. Since 2008, community and national leaders have used Global Hand Washing Day to spread the word about hand washing, build sinks and tippy taps, and demonstrate the simplicity and value of clean hands.  Each year, over 200 million people are involved in celebrations in over 100 countries around the world. Global Hand Washing Day is endorsed by a wide array of governments, international institutions, civil society organizations, NGOs, private companies, and individuals. 

Global Handwashing Day is an annual global advocacy day dedicated to increasing awareness and understanding about the importance of handwashing with soap as an easy, effective, and affordable way to prevent diseases and save lives.
Celebrated annually on October 15, Global Handwashing Day was founded by the Global Handwashing Partnership, and is an opportunity to design, test, and replicate creative ways to encourage people to wash their hands with soap at critical times.
Global Handwashing Day is designed to:
  • Foster and support a global and local culture of handwashing with soap
  • Shine a spotlight on the state of handwashing around the world
  • Raise awareness about the benefits of handwashing with soap
Well, I think you get the point. I urge you to join the event this coming Saturday and that you draw many people's attention to it.  As unlikely as I first thought it, I've become a believer and supporter. I hope the same for you--a lot cheaper than your doctor or your pharmacist. And, in case you forgot, God expects us to do all we can to protect ourselves by living responsibly. Washing our hands regularly is part of that responsible living. 

https://globalhandwashing.org/global-handwashing-day/about-ghd/

Monday, 4 September 2017

Post 183--The Power of Prayer



You may know that my wife and I spent 30 years in Nigeria as missionaries. If you want to know the entire story of that journey, I invite you to read our memoirs at

                < www.SocialTheology.com/boeriana >

After various introductory sections, the memoirs are the first entry: Every Square Inch: A Missionary Memoir.

You may be surprised at what became a problem to me for the first half year there. I was so amazed at Nigerian Christian prayers during church services.  Not only were there long queues of people waiting to offer a prayer, but the way they prayed just seemed unreal to me at the beginning. They were so real about, so serious, so persistent and covering many different fronts of life.  I had never heard such strong and emotional prayers.  I could not help but kind of doubt their genuineness.

Looking back on that early period—I’m talking late ‘60s, some 50 years ago!—I have come to understand that this was culture shock on my part, a spiritual culture shock. I had never heard such prayers. Of course, this was the pre-Charismatic breakthrough when really no one prayed that way in any culture I had ever experienced. 

I was a product of Western Christianity, of its Reformed branch, that was so heavily influenced by the Western worldview that is so much more influenced by Rationalism with its rational spirituality and logic, and by secularism, the major “common sense” in the West. All of that discouraged that kind of prayer outbursts.  Our  prayers were genuine all right, but so rational, reasonable and calm. And we certainly did not form queues of eager prayer warriors!

I look back on that experience with a sense of shame and embarrassment. Here I was, a Christian missionary, and I could not understand the prayer culture of our hosts, let alone appreciate it. I am happy to report that over time I not only came to understand it, but also accept it as genuine. I even began to copy that style of prayer, without pretense, but with sincerity, conviction and meaning. Nigerian Christian spirituality enriched me and I am grateful for that experience. One of the many blessings I received during my years of service there. My prayers have never been the same since, especially not my public prayers.

Today is Sept 3, 2017—21 years since I left Nigeria, physically at least. An item from Nigeria’s Premium Times appears on my screen. It is a story about Nigeria’s Super Eagles, the beloved national football team, having beaten their Cameroonian competition.  However, the report was not about the way the Eagles played, but how they prayed! Here’s the report, picture and all.

PREMIUM TIMES      Sept 3   2017
http://media.premiumtimesng.com/wp-content/files/2017/09/IMG_20170901_195321.jpg
Governor Udom Emmanuel of Akwa Ibom State has said that the Super Eagles’ victory on Friday against the Indomitable Lions of Cameroon was a “testament” to the power of prayers.
The Eagles whipped their arch rival, the Lions 4-0, in their 2018 FIFA World Cup qualifier at the Godswill Akpabio International Stadium, Uyo, the Akwa Ibom State capital.
“The victory of Super Eagles today against The Indomitable Lions of Cameroon is a testament to the fact that whenever we go on our knees and seek the face of God like we did today during our fasting and prayer session, God will answer our prayer,” Mr. Emmanuel wrote on Facebook, few hours after the match.  END OF STORY.

This was not some pastor hidden in a church somewhere.  This was a politician, a State Governor, a man with much power and wealth. Most of his colleagues are very corrupt, though I hope this not to be the case here. But there this man wrote it on one of the most public and wide-spread podiums in the world without hesitation. Amazing. And then the story was spread by the news media. This was big stuff. Prayer saved the day or, at least, the big match. Never mind how they played. They won by prayer. Their strategies did not get any praise. It was prayer that did it, prayer and fasting.  You can’t get more serious!

As a semi-Nigerian who loves Nigeria and its people more than “semi”-- I am happy our team won, but those earlier questions of Nigerian Christian prayers came back to me. In a way it was a typically traditional response. When things go wrong in Nigerian life, people seldom take responsibility but blame external forces, including enemies, evil spirits, etc. But this time things went right, at least as far as Nigeria is concerned.  So it is refreshing to see the Governor giving credit for this result to God instead of boasting of the players’ prowess. I wonder about the Cameroonian reaction!  Whom did they hold responsible for their loss?

At the same time, the above picture does not make one think immediately of pious players. The front player seems almost angry, certain aggressive and determined. He’s not about to give anyone a chance!  The second player is having fun, an emotion that does not necessarily exclude spirituality. So, an ambiguous picture.

But my main hesitation is the prayer itself. It is a prayer for a battle, but not a battle for freedom or liberation. Rather a prayer for myself and my people against the interest of another group whose interest is equally valid before God. It is a prayer for my victory and their defeat.  Unless it is a case of an unjust war, Christians do not generally pray against each other but for each other. So, I find this prayer difficult to swallow.  But they did win. So, perhaps God did hear it.  But what if the Cameroonians prayed likewise?


Fortunately, this was for God to figure out, not for me. Sometimes it pays to leave things up to Him!

PS--Sorry that the picture has not appeared. I'm not a techy and don't know how to fix that.  But here's the URL. Try to access it yourself-- http://www.premiumtimesng.com/news/more-news/242214-super-eagles-defeated-cameroon-prayers-gov-emmanuel.html


Friday, 7 October 2016

Post 130—Prostitution Gone Mainstream?


Out of / in Nigeria
You may remember that I spent 30 years in Nigeria, from 1966-1996.  Even though that’s been 20 years ago now, it still seems like yesterday. Since I left the country, I have written 13 books and many articles on my work there, including Christian-Muslim relations and mission memoirs. Thus, though I was physically away from Nigeria, psychologically, emotionally and mentally I was/am still there. Even today, due to sleep apnea, I dream frequently and by far most of my dreams are still about Nigeria.
During the course of my ministry in Nigeria, I often traveled far and wide. One car trip I stayed overnight in a “local” hotel, places few Caucasians frequent; we prefer the more modern and convenient ones. I chose a local one just to see what they are like and what goes on there. It was not a pleasant or comfortable place to stay, though much cheaper, something that does a Dutch heart like mine good. 
Hymn-singing Prostitute
Like most Nigerian hotels, prostitutes were abundant. I overheard one of them humming and even softly singing Christian hymns. So I screwed up my courage and asked her how she could be singing Christian hymns while practicing prostitution. Her story broke my heart. She was from Ghana, where she had married with two or three children. Her husband abandoned her and her children. She tried every which way to provide for her children but was not successful. In her wanderings she ended up a prostitute in this Nigerian hotel. She could see no alternative.
Jesus and Prostitutes
Her story immediately reminded me of Biblical stories about Jesus and prostitutes. Go to John 7:36-50; 8:1-11 and to Luke 7:236-50.  If you want to read further on the subject in the Bible, just google “Jesus and prostitutes” and you’ll get a very full plate of stories and commentary on these stories. I am an emotional person and had to work hard at containing my emotions at  her story and those about Jesus all at once. This was the first and only time in my life that I consciously sought out a prostitute, even if it was only to satisfy my curiosity about her story. But the Jesus stories told me one thing very clearly: I was in no position to judge her.
Prostitution in Vancouver
The above paragraphs form the backdrop to this and the next post about prostitutes in my city, Vancouver, Canada. (When you write about Vancouver, you always need to specify which Vancouver, since there is a smaller city by that name in the south of the American state of Washington.) 
Apology to Sex Workers
On September 17, 2016, about three weeks ago, the Vancouver Sun featured a story on p. A16 with the heading “West End sex workers get civic apology,” written by Glen Schaefer, with the subheading, “City unveils memorial to trades people driven to margins during 1980s.” The article was flanked by a picture by Ben Nelms I might have included in this article if I had the digital know-how for it. As it is, I can only reproduce the caption underneath the picture. It reads, “Indigenous transgender sex work activist Jamies Lee Hamilton, left, and University of British Columbia professor Becki Ross unveil on Friday a memorial—a retro lamp-post with a red bulb—that has been dedicated to sex-trade workers of Vancouver’s West End Community.” 

Now I live in that part of Vancouver and do remember the stories people told me about the situation in the West End (WE). The entire “industry” had been wiped out by the time we arrived on the scene in 2001. We were still left with quite a contingent of homeless folk and addicts, who were also under pressure to move out of the area, though today they are re-invading the area with a vengeance. Had my wife and I heard of the ceremony ahead of time, we probably would have attended it out of pure curiosity, since it took place within three short blocks from us. On the evening of Sept. 17, we did take a stroll there and, sure enough, there was that new retro lamppost with clear inscriptions and a red light on top, right in front of St. Paul’s Anglican Church. A very respectable memorial at a very respectable residential/church location.
Reversal of Attitudes
How things have changed during these short 15 years that we have lived in the WE.  During that decade and a half the official attitude had been turned upside down from chasing out these prostitutes—and their clients!—to apologizing for that act!  Ross, the UBC sociology specialist in the sex trade, spoke the following:

"The early 1980s marked the full fledged anti-
prostitution crusade to purge sex workers from 
the WE. Davie sex workers built the foundation of 
what would become this city’s first Gay-
neighbourhood, and yet hookers on Davie have 
never been honoured as the former fighters for 
gender, sexual and racial minorities.”
Though I hesitate to “correct” a sociology expert on the topic, my understanding of the background to the WE’s gay culture is that it goes way back to nearly a century ago. I doubt that these prostitutes—and I insist on calling a spade a spade—laid that foundation. Ross will have to persuade me of that.

Maybe, just maybe, more on the subject next time. I will try….

Tuesday, 5 July 2016

Post 116 Extreme Hospitality

Nigerian Hospitality
If there is anything I have learned during my 30 years in Nigeria it is hospitality.  Nigerians have been so generous to us when it comes to hospitality, as they are to their own people. One can drop in on Nigerian friends and you are immediately invited to join them in a meal if that happens to be their agenda at the moment. This is true not only of the well-to-do, but just as much of the poorer among them. Now, there is a downside to that. Extending such hospitality to an unexpected guest can be at the expense of family members who may have to do with leftovers, especially children.
Any Nigerian who reads the above paragraph may object to it. Nigeria is a square box containing 400 different nations, cultures and languages. There is no way you can say anything about traditional culture that will hold for all of these cultures. Expatriates who have lived in other parts of the country sometimes marvel at our stories from the country’s Middle Belt. They have not always experienced such hospitality.  But for us, we have always been deeply impressed by that cultural feature.
And, of course, after being exposed to that for 30 years and having benefited from it so many times, it could not help but rub off on  us. My wife and I have also become very hospitable, so much so that the people among whom we now live in Vancouver, Canada, are amazed at how open our door is and how readily we have people we did not expect join us at our table. Thank you, Nigeria, for teaching us such a Christian virtue. 
Western Hospitality
Yes, hospitality is a Christian virtue, though not only Christian. Plenty of other people share that virtue.  But Nigerians tend to laugh at us in a kind of derisive way. They joke that, according to their experiences in the Western world, we are so inhospitable that if we want to visit our grandmother, we have to make an appointment at least two weeks in advance! I had become somewhat estranged to Western ways and denied that “accusation.” 
However, upon our return to the West, more specifically, to Vancouver, I found they were not that far off. Since I immigrated from my birth country, The Netherlands, at age thirteen, I have had little experience with my own grandmothers during my adult years. None whatsoever in Vancouver. However, I was surprised at how inhospitable Vancouver really is. Vancouverites will entertain you, but very seldom in their house. It’s just about always in a café or restaurant by which we are totally immersed here in downtown. It’s even true of the near-by church we attend, though, I am happy to report, not of my other church, the Christian Reformed Church.
And not only Vancouver.  When my wife and I were RV-ing through the American South and attended a city church, they welcomed the guests among them and assured us that they were very hospitable. If we needed a good restaurant for dinner after the service, all we would have to do is ask and they would point us to the good ones in town!  Hospitable?  Yea, right!  In contrast, when we attended a rather conservative Reformed type of church in BC’s “Bible Belt,” we ended up at the dinner table of a large family of seven children. We had never had any contact before. 
Dutch Hospitality--Stories
Why do I write of hospitality in this post? Because of the “extreme” hospitality we experienced in Lutjegast, my birth village in The Netherlands (NL) with a population of around 1,000.  It’s a follow-up to the previous post that I feel compelled to write; it was that surprising and extreme—but not everything extreme is negative. My parents lived in Lutjegast from 1929-1951. My father ran a barbershop, while my mother ran a growing family and, for a few years, a hair salon for ladies. I was thirteen when we emigrated to Canada in 1951.  By 2016 pretty well all memories of our Boer barber family had been erased in the village except among the elderly. 
Two days we wandered around in Lutjegast, partially by car, partially on foot. We came to the church where I was baptized as a baby and met someone living near it. We introduced ourselves, but he had never heard about us. Nevertheless, he invited us into his house for a coffee. There we sat in the dining room, surrounded by the entire family, drinking coffee and chatting about past when we lived there. That was the first one. An hour or so later, as we were looking for a niece who, I had reasons to believe, lived in the town. In the course of the search, we knocked on someone’s door. A lady opened the door and, after our brief introduction, again invited us inside for a tea with her and her husband. They had vaguely heard of some Boer family, but that was all. 
Our second day in the village, a Saturday, we were supposed to meet a cousin of mine who lived elsewhere. We would meet at the church in the centre of Lutjegast. We arrived early to find a spot where we could visit, but did not find anything. The only thing open was a hair salon. We entered to ask them about a place in the village where we could have a coffee. The lady told us that the village really does not have a suitable place for that, but she immediately invited us to visit with our guests around the table in her shop and she would serve us coffee!  We did not accept the invitation since it was not really a suitable environment for the kind of visit we envisioned. But it was another amazing hospitality event.
Soon my cousin and husband drove into the church yard. The custodian met us and after the by now customary introduction, he not only showed us the inside of the renovated church but also invited us for a coffee and cooky in the church hall, where we could sit as long as we wanted. 
Personally, I think that pattern of hospitality to strangers is remarkable. My appreciation for my birth village soared. I am in the process of writing a more detailed report of this hospitality in the Dutch language to be published in the local village paper to express our appreciation not only, but also to make sure they enjoy a positive self-image. They are not just some village duds as some city slickers may think; they display the image of God in their hospitality. 
But we ran into this trait throughout our trip.  We had three main hosts in three different parts of the country and all went far beyond the normal standards of hospitality. Two of these were friends from different phases of our history, but they were absolutely superb. One of them housed us for ten days and nights. The most unexpected was the owner of Hotel Friesland. He took a liking to us and several times invited us privately for a tea and cooky.  A hotel owner! 
Concluding Comments

All in all, I am still a bit dizzy about all this hospitality. Can’t get over it. That’s why I write about it in such glowing terms.  Thank you, my Dutch friends, both old and new. And to my Nigerian friends I can only caution them that whatever unpleasant experiences they may have had in the West, their description of hospitality certainly does not resonate with my Dutch experience. I should probably close with a preemptive admission that race may at least partially account for the difference.    

Thursday, 30 June 2016

Post 115—Our Dutch Trip--Reflections


I’m back!  And if I get this post online today, I’m back even earlier than promised on May 27.  And let me tell you, as wonderful as our trip was, there’s still nothing like home, which for me is downtown Vancouver BC.
Canada--My Home
Yes, home for me is in Canada, but I continue to have a strong feeling for two other countries. There is my birth country as well as Nigeria, the country where my wife and I spent 30 years in ministry, where we raised our family and, even after having left there 20 years ago, is still uppermost in my mind and affections. But for today, it is my birth country, NL—The Netherlands.
My Affection for Nigeria
My many Nigerian friends who read this post should not be jealous at my “divided” affection. Many things in life diminish when you share or divide them. When you give a $100 to one person that recipient gets more than when you divide it over two persons. But when you give love to one or two or a thousand persons, it does not diminish, each gets an equal share. Money divided diminishes; love or affection divided increases. That’s the nature of the beast. (I should probably call it “the angel” rather than “the beast.”) 
Besides, if you check my website ( www.SocialTheology.com) , you will find that I have paid much more attention, energy, time, money and, yes, affection on Nigeria than I have on the NL. At the same time, the background and perspective I utilized in my Nigerian ministry, including my many publications, have a definite Dutch philosophical and theological colouration, based as they are on the Kuyperian or Reformational school of thought. So, a nice mixture of these two cultures in my life with no need for either party to be jealous! Actually, I don’t believe anyone will be jealous in this situation, but there is nothing like  pre-emptying a negative possibility! But for this post and the next, it will be NL.
Flat and Green
Living as I do in BC (British Columbia, Canada), there is one thing that particularly strikes me every time I visit the “Old Country” is its flatness.  When I lived in Nigeria and visited the country, I was struck by its greenness. So fresh and green everywhere as soon as you leave the city. And that, in contrast to Nigeria’s seasonal green, all year round. But coming out of BC, it is the flatness of the country that is impressive, especially when combined with the green. It is interrupted only by the many man-made “hills” that serve as approaches to bridges or as overpasses.  Now such unending flatness may sound dull to those who prefer rolling hills or towering mountains, but in combination with the green, it creates beautiful breath-taking scenery wherever you go. I am not sure which of the two I would prefer to live in, flat or mountainous, but for a change, I simply loved it as my wife and I rolled through it all by means of train, bus, rental and even bike. The flat lusciousness of it all.
The Bike Culture
Living as I do in North America (NA), another thing that made my eyes grow green with jealousy is the large presence of bicycles (from here on referred to as “bikes”).  What a different love affair from NA’s love of cars. Bikes everywhere, no matter where you turn, except, of course, along express ways. Not being used to such heavy bike traffic, it was more challenging for us as pedestrians in the city to avoid collisions with bikes than with cars. They even have single-floor parking garages for bikes but often store them two high above each other, especially at bus and train stations. Bikes are used for most local trips as well as farther afield. They are used for serious transportation even more than for recreation, but their vacation use is the greatest demonstration of the Dutch love for the bike. Our hosts took us out biking into the country along a network of crisscrossing bike paths everywhere.
Various features of the bike culture struck me. Most people wear ordinary street clothes on their bikes; no special attire, even women in minis. No helmets and, not infrequently, no hands either, for they are needed for the smart phone as you negotiate traffic!  
Single bikes are good for transporting entire families!  A parent in/on the saddle doing the peddling, with one child on the back carrier and one in a special seat mounted on or behind the handle bar. Our main hostess told us that this is a major time of intimacy with your little tike at your front on your bike. And if your children are not on the actual bike, they could be sitting comfortably in a box mounted on the front of the bike, an arrangement called “bakfiets” or “boxbike,” two or even three at a time, but now we have graduated to three-wheelers.  
Another sociable feature of the bike culture is that with separate bike paths, people often ride side by side, chatting amicably as they go, so different from the sparse biking in Vancouver where it is always behind instead of next to each other. As to the bakfiets, it is also used to transport goods, sometimes in open, sometimes in covered boxes.
You’d think that flat country would make for effortless biking, but there is a hitch—strong winds that are as challenging as steep hills. From my own childhood I remember regularly coasting up one of these artificial hills, pushed along by strong winds, but peddling hard on the way down. I also remember peddling a bakfiets to deliver bread for a neighbouring bakery. So, as fascinating as I found the bike culture, it was not altogether new to me. I experienced all the above features at one time or another way back then. Though other forms of transport have greatly proliferated since then—cars, buses, trains—the bike has not lost its popularity or omnipresence in any way.  In fact, the bike has increased along with the country’s population.  
Mayor Robertson's Bike Challenge

I’m sure our Vancouver mayor’s eyes must be as green as mine were. I wish him all the success, luck and blessing he needs to make our city more bike friendly.  He has courageously pushed ahead in his bike programme in the face of much ridicule and opposition. I hope he will not relent. I believe he represents the future of our city when it comes to biking.  We once thoughtlessly embraced the car without considering many of its negatives or even being aware of them. It will take a lot of planning and politicking to undo the damage we have inflicted on ourselves and our environment.

Sunday, 20 March 2016

Post 100—Conversion in Islam


Though Muslims, as I explained in Post 99, use the term “reversion” for anyone converting to Islam, call it what they may, others, including myself, consider it “conversion” plain and simple. So, our topic for today is the place of conversion in these two religions, which is not quite the same as defining the term, for they do not quite mean the same thing in the two religions.
Conversion is, of course, usually the result of a mission or evangelistic outreach by a Muslim or Christian, whether individual or organization, to another individual or community, usually with the explicit goal to bring someone or a community to conversion.  I say “usually.” It does not always come about that way. For example, many are the Muslims throughout the world who dream of a person dressed in a white robe who invites them to come to Him, who is often then identified as Jesus. Thousands of Muslims the world over have such dreams and they usually end up in accepting His invitation. There are entire books written about this kind of conversion invitation. These are not the result of any human outreach or other effort and certainly not of any “obsession” that WCC talked about in Post 98.
 There are indeed forms or styles of mission outreach to convert that are objectionable to people who do not adhere to the religion practicing it but that are usually perfectly acceptable to the adherents themselves. Muslims often quote the Qur’an that says there is to be no compulsion in religion, but they employ all kinds of compulsion and force. You ought to read the Christian volumes of my Studies in Christian-Muslim Relations to see how frequently Muslims use force to “revert” people to Islam according to Christian complaints (www.SocialTheology.com/islamica, volumes 3, 5 and 7).                                                 
Allow me one example from Nigeria. A Nigerian pastor friend of mine borrowed money from the government to establish a chicken farm. He was not able to keep up with the payment schedule and ran the risk of losing his business along with his investment. Christians did not offer to help him out with loans. When the Muslim community heard about this, they offered to pay his entire debt provided he become Muslim. Being desperate, my friend accepted and became Muslim. This has been years ago and he has not changed his mind ever since. The moment he does change his mind and returns to Christ, the Muslim community will demand repayment and, failing to come through, he will be hauled to court. (For the full story see our memoirs Every Square Inch, vol. 2, pp. 59-62 on our website < www.SocialTheology.com/boeriana >).  If that is not force, I don’t know what you call it. And if that is not a contradiction to that earlier statement about no force in religion, I don’t know what that is either.
However, you must be careful about accusing a religion not your own of contradiction, for I find that when non-Christians accuse us of contradictions, it is usually due to ignorance or, using more gentle language, misunderstanding. It is easy for us to fall into the same trap with respect to Islam. The above story is typical, not an exception. Muslims use both the stick and the carrot methods to induce “reversions” in all kinds of ways. As I said above, read my series and you’ll find a dizzying range of variations of force and “tricks” on their part. Another clever way is to surround a Christian business with such stiff competition that the owner either becomes a Muslim or closes his business—all perfectly legal!  And on and on and on…. Muslim authorities all over the world are known to create legal demands and restrictions on the Christian community with respect to registration of churches and building permits.  We have arrived at the border here between persecution and a campaign to “revert.” It’s a very thin line and it all smells of compulsion, even if called “reversion.” Word juggling does not change all of reality!
But do understand the Muslim position. If you are convinced that being a Muslim is the greatest gift you can wish for a person, then such tactics may seem minor in comparison to the magnificent gift they turn into. After all, adults punish wayward children in love for their own good.  An adult non-Muslim may not be a child, but she is in a state of jahiliya, an Arabized Hausa word for “ignorance.” She doesn’t really know what she is doing. A little push in the right direction seems a small price to pay for the end result that can only be described as magnificent. My experience in Nigeria as I record it in my series is that Muslims just don’t comprehend why not everyone wants to become a Muslim. What greater good can you possibly imagine for yourself?
So, they really are obsessed by wanting to con—or revert everyone, but that’s a good obsession and not a negative you would ever think about giving up on.  However, when someone is obsessed about trying to convert his neighbor or community to another religion, say Christianity, well, yes, such an obsession is unhealthy and must be let go. And so Muslims signed that declaration in all seriousness and good faith. To adherents of other religions this may seem like duplicity and hypocrisy; to a Muslim it is the only way to go. You have to think yourself into the other’s skin in order to understand correctly and not judge wrongly. 

In other words, to expect Muslims to give up on conversion is to ask them to give up on a core component of their religion.  That is not what the WCC conference that published the declaration expected of any religion.  The religions were not expected to surrender any part of their core; they were to remain true to themselves. Whether the declaration and the expectation can co-exist, is another question. 

Saturday, 5 March 2016

Post 97—Do You Have a Cigarette?


Het is geen man
Die niet roken kan


Smoking in Lutjegast

That little vignette is one I grew up with in my Dutch village Lutjegast. It means simply that if you don’t smoke, you’re not a man. And our village meant it, seriously. As a young boy, I knew every single person in the 1100-person village, barring none. And I knew a great deal of child-appropriate stuff about almost everyone, barring one or two.  But there were two categories of people who puzzled me: those who were not married and those who did not smoke!  That married thing affected both genders, but the smoking only males. Women did not smoke, period. One who did would hardly be considered female—the complete opposite. 

And smoke the men did—with a few exceptions, but they were not men anyway, these mysterious creatures. Everyone, from pauper to pastor smoked. Though pretty well all Christians in today’s Canada oppose smoking and see it as an unhealthy addiction, that was not the case in Lutjegast or in the rest of the country. Even our church elders during their monthly meetings would smoke cigarettes, pipes or cigars, possibly accompanied by wine.  My Dad, a serious Christian, was one of the main cigarette merchants in town. As Christians, we were strictly opposed to so-called “worldly amusements,” but smoking was not one of them.

As to myself, during my early teens I was eager to join the ranks of adult men. One of the rights of passage to arrive there was to smoke. So, I would rush the season by occasionally “borrowing” a package of cigarettes from my Dad’s supply and share cigarettes with my friends. Just imagine the hero I was!  Ah, yes, we were getting there!

Imagine our surprise when we immigrated to Canada in 1951. For the first time in our lives we met Christians who thought smoking sinful, especially Baptists.  What kind of Christians are these? we wondered. Smoking sin?  Aw, get off the pot (pun intended)!  We were from a Reformed church in The Netherlands and smoked lustily right after our Christian Reformed (CRC) morning service—outside, for all to see.  We became known as the “smoking church,” a derisive distinction among Canadian Christians.

That was the 1950s.


Baptist versus Reformed

The tradition continued for some time after our immigration to BC, also in my own life. Though I was too young to be a dedicated smoker, Dad did occasionally allow me to smoke a cigarette. I have several pictures from that period of my smoking, one of them in our living room right after coming home from church. Over time I became a regular smoker, though never a heavy one. I actually went in and out—quit and resumed, quit and resumed. Later, during my 50s in Nigeria, I would smoke an occasional  cigar or pipe, but Nigerian Christians severely reprimanded me. I eventually gave that up as well, not because I considered it sin, but it hurt my throat and vocal chords—which, I guess, did turn it into a sin, since we are not to abuse our bodies. My Dad, he was a chain smoker for some 40 years.  

Fast forward to the 21st century—2016. Somewhere along the line at around 60, my Dad suddenly quit cold turkey and from there on chastised anyone who could not manage such a drastic change—really, kind of hypocritical. But today you will hardly see anyone smoking after a CRC service. Neither will elders smoke during their meetings. We’ve become Canadians!  Indigenized. Smoking is sin, we now argue vigorously. The Baptists were ahead of their time. Well our time anyhow. Not just time wise, but even ethic-wise.   They were right; we were wrong! Wow, that was a hard one to swallow.  Baptists more right than we Reformed?  Was that possible?  Well, they were, possible or not. Some of us are still smarting from that humiliation! 

But in Canada we’re pretty well on one page on this one now, Baptist or Reformed, Christian or Secular. There’s a strong awareness that smoking kills and is, in fact, one of the most ferocious killers in the country.  Many places are now out of bounds to smokers, including restaurants and city parks, most major buildings, not to speak of church facilities. Remaining smokers are feeling the pressure and are defensive. Things have turned topsy-turvy.  Now it’s almost a matter of

                                                                  
                       Het is geen man
Die nog roken kan

“It’s not a man who still smokes,” but now women (vrouw-en) have to be included as well, like:

Het is geen man of vrouw
Die nog roken wou

By now you can probably figure it out! But, just in case, here it is in the Queen’s English:

It is not a man or woman
Who still wants to smoke

Doesn’t quite sound like a limerick in English, but it makes the point.

The following public practices have become offensive and are seen as ill-mannered:
         
Smoking in any crowd, thereby forcing people to inhale your secondary smoke, even on the sidewalk, at a bus stop, in the park or on the beach.

          Dumping your cigarette butt carelessly on the                 street. It’s considered littering, especially when               your city has attached butt trays to lamp posts for           that purpose.

Smoking yourself to death at my expense. Of course, that holds for all unhealthy practices, some of which, I am hesitant to admit, I practice as well.  So we all end up in the same ball park.

What of those who argue smoking is part of our freedom?  Should it even be that?  When it creates so much sickness leading to death and I have to pay for the results of your addiction through our medical system? Why should I?  Our forced insurance system logically leads to a great increase of my public responsibility for my health and for a restriction of my freedom to smoke or engage in other personally harmful practices. I have at least the moral, if not legal, right to demand you stop. Through our insurance system, we have become each other’s keepers—exactly where Jesus wanted us to begin with. It took a Baptist preacher-politician to get us there almost over the dead bodies of the RCMP. 

Even as a human right smoking is now frowned upon.  The last couple of days there’s been a story in the media about an employer who for years has refused to hire anyone who smokes, on or off the job, even at home. Even in “human rights-cracy” Canada, so far no one has sued him. No one has yet tried to make a quick legal buck of this practice? That says something about how far we’ve come—a long way indeed.

What of those who argue smoking is part of our freedom?  Should it even be that?  When it creates so much sickness leading to death and I have to pay for the results of your addiction through our medical system? Why should I?  Our forced insurance system logically leads to a great increase of my public responsibility for my health and for a restriction of my freedom to smoke or engage in other personally harmful practices. I have at least the moral, if not legal, right to demand you stop. Through our insurance system, we have become each other’s keepers—exactly where Jesus wanted us to begin with. It took a Baptist preacher-politician to get us there almost over the dead bodies of the RCMP. 

The best solution to all this is to encourage each other to live our lives along the best health guidelines as possible and remember our responsibility to each other.

Now try that last version of that Dutch limerick on your smoking friend!

Thursday, 17 December 2015

Post 80—Oppression of Muslims


It is claimed by Christian experts that Christians are the most persecuted people in the world. Now those who study Christian persecution may be experts in Christian persecution, but are they also experts in persecution in general? Do they know as much about persecution of Muslims? 

My universe of discourse here is persecution because of their faith, not because of political circumstances.  How many of the Muslims streaming into the West these days are Muslims persecuted for their faith rather than victims of politics or immigrants seeking better economic circumstances?  

In the case of African Muslims crossing the Mediterranean, it is fairly safe to regard most of them as economic immigrants. In the case of Syrians Muslims, I expect that many are victims of their civil war in the same way as are many Christians—in other words economic and political victims, not victims of religious persecution. But many Christians among them have also been persecuted for their faith by the same Muslims who now are their fellow refugees. Remember the story in Sweden a few posts ago?  So, many of them are these three types all rolled into one. 

Syrian affairs are complicated these days. These refugees are not all victims of the Syrian civil war. Many of them, both Christian and Muslim, are also victims of ISIS violence. That is above all a religious war with serious economic and political consequences. Those who are dislodged because of ISIS can be considered persecuted Christians and Muslims.  The same thing is true with Boko Haram in northern Nigeria.  They persecute fellow Muslims as much as Christians. In fact, more, for Muslims outnumber Christians in that far north east of the country. I do not know whether these persecution “experts” study that aspect of persecution. Neither do I know whether there are Muslims who are experts in persecution of Muslims. I guess I could go online and check it out. Perhaps you would find them mostly among human rights advocates.

But one thing is sure, namely that in most Muslim countries in general, Christians are the most numerous among those persecuted, for there is hardly a Muslim-majority country where Christians are not persecuted, whether by government or by the people, whether officially or unofficially, whether by pure violence or various forms of discrimination.   

And yet, in a country like Nigeria, Muslims have for decades complained about persecution. Not the violent kind that kills or maims, though that also occurs during times of demonstrations, but in terms of discrimination in cultural, political, legal and educational forms, persecution by colonialists and by Christians. When the British established the Protectorate of Northern Nigeria, the colonial Governor, Lord Lugard, a secular man, promised that the British would not touch their Muslim religion. This is known as the "Lugard promise." There would be freedom of religion for the Muslims. In fact, for many decades Christian missionaries had less freedom to spread the Gospel than Muslims had for theirs. So, why did northern Muslims complain so bitterly about persecution, while Christians suffered at their hands? 

The reason is to be found in the Lugard promise.  He made his promise from his secular perspective on religion, which is a reduced version of religion that is restricted to church/mosque and private life, but not to affect public life, for that is supposedly secular and neutral. His promise was that Muslims were free to attend mosque and practice their religion privately. 

But to Muslims, religion is a wholistic affair that touches on and influences all of life, not just private or mosque life. Without either party being aware of it, they misunderstood each other. Muslims thought they would be free to practice their religion wholistically in all spheres of culture. 

The British proceded to secularize the Muslim community. Though they left sharia (Muslim law) in tact at the level of mosque, the private and family levels, in other spheres secularism became the dominant worldview on basis of which public life was organized. A major tool was education. Another was switching the Hausa language from Arabic script to Western so as to reduce the influence of Arabic ideas.  Ever so slowly the secular spirit took hold among Muslims—until the revolution of Khomeini woke them up. Suddenly they realized they “had been had.”  Suddenly they began to realize what had happened to them and they burst out in anger. They had been fooled, slipped a poison pill and put to sleep, while an antithesis had developed between the two systems. Everything public had gone secular, something that most Muslims reject with a passion, especially in northern Nigeria. Before long, the demand for the revival of sharia came to the surface with a vengeance. They felt discriminated against and, yes, persecuted--and justifiably so.


If you wish to pursue the topic of Muslim persecution, I urge you to read both volumes 4 and 6 in my series Studies in Christian-Muslim Relations. That series opens the Islamica page of my website < www.SocialTheology.com/Islamica.htm. >  You will find a strong sense on the part of Muslims of being persecuted by colonial secular forces, the antithesis to Islam. Boko Haram is an extremist reaction to that secular force. Its central tenet is buried in its Hausa name, which means “Western education (secularism) is forbidden.”